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Bill

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Measure

AB 352

Authors

Pacheco

Subject

Crimes: criminal threats.

Relating To

relating to crimes.

Title

An act to amend Section 422 of the Penal Code, relating to crimes.

Last Action Dt

2025-10-10

State

Chaptered

Status

Chaptered

Active?

Vote Required

Majority

Appropriation

Fiscal Committee

Yes

Local Program

Substantive Changes

None

Urgency

Tax Levy

Leginfo Link

Bill

Actions

2025-10-10		Approved by the Governor.
2025-10-10		Chaptered by Secretary of State - Chapter 554, Statutes of 2025.
2025-09-15		Enrolled and presented to the Governor at 4:30 p.m.
2025-09-08		Senate amendments concurred in. To Engrossing and Enrolling. (Ayes 75. Noes 0. Page 3025.).
2025-09-04		In Assembly. Concurrence in Senate amendments pending.
2025-09-04		Read third time. Passed. Ordered to the Assembly. (Ayes 39. Noes 0. Page 2519.).
2025-09-02		Read second time. Ordered to third reading.
2025-08-29		Read second time and amended. Ordered returned to second reading.
2025-08-29		From committee: Amend, and do pass as amended. (Ayes 7. Noes 0.) (August 29).
2025-07-07		In committee: Referred to APPR. suspense file.
2025-06-25		Read second time and amended. Re-referred to Com. on APPR.
2025-06-24		From committee: Amend, and do pass as amended and re-refer to Com. on APPR. with recommendation: To Consent Calendar. (Ayes 6. Noes 0.) (June 24).
2025-06-12		From committee chair, with author's amendments: Amend, and re-refer to committee. Read second time, amended, and re-referred to Com. on PUB. S.
2025-06-11		Referred to Com. on PUB. S.
2025-06-03		In Senate. Read first time. To Com. on RLS. for assignment.
2025-06-02		Read third time. Passed. Ordered to the Senate. (Ayes 77. Noes 0. Page 1821.)
2025-05-27		Read second time. Ordered to third reading.
2025-05-23		From committee: Do pass. (Ayes 14. Noes 0.) (May 23).
2025-04-09		In committee: Set, first hearing. Referred to APPR. suspense file.
2025-03-26		From committee: Do pass and re-refer to Com. on APPR. (Ayes 9. Noes 0.) (March 25). Re-referred to Com. on APPR.
2025-03-18		Re-referred to Com. on PUB. S.
2025-03-17		From committee chair, with author's amendments: Amend, and re-refer to Com. on PUB. S. Read second time and amended.
2025-03-05		In committee: Set, second hearing. Hearing canceled at the request of author.
2025-03-04		In committee: Set, first hearing. Hearing canceled at the request of author.
2025-02-10		Referred to Com. on PUB. S.
2025-01-31		From printer. May be heard in committee March 2.
2025-01-30		Read first time. To print.

Keywords

Tags

Versions

Chaptered		2025-10-10
Enrolled		2025-09-10
Amended Senate		2025-08-29
Amended Senate		2025-06-25
Amended Senate		2025-06-12
Amended Assembly		2025-03-17
Introduced		2025-01-30

Last Version Text

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		<ns0:AuthorText authorType="LEAD_AUTHOR">Introduced by Assembly Member Pacheco</ns0:AuthorText>
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		<ns0:Title> An act to amend Section 422 of the Penal Code, relating to crimes.</ns0:Title>
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			<html:p>Existing law makes it a crime to willfully threaten to commit a crime that will result in death or great bodily injury to another person, with the specific intent that the statement is to be taken as a threat that, on its face and under the circumstances in which it is made, is so unequivocal, unconditional, immediate, and specific as to convey to the person threatened a gravity of purpose and an immediate prospect of execution of the threat, and thereby reasonably causes the threatened person to be in sustained fear for their own safety or the safety of their immediate family, as defined. Under existing law, this crime is punishable as a misdemeanor or in state prison as a felony.</html:p>
			<html:p>This bill would, for the purposes of sentencing for a felony violation of these provisions, authorize the court to consider, as a factor in aggravation, that the
			 defendant willfully threatened to commit a crime that would result in the death or great bodily injury of a person the defendant knew was a state constitutional officer, a Member of the Legislature, or a judge or court commissioner, as specified.</html:p>
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				Section 422 of the 
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				 is amended to read:
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								(a)
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								Any person who willfully threatens to commit a crime which will result in death or great bodily injury to another person, with the specific intent that the statement, made verbally, in writing, or by means of an electronic communication device, is to be taken as a threat, even if there is no intent of actually carrying it out, which, on its face and under the circumstances in which it is made, is so unequivocal, unconditional, immediate, and specific as to convey to the person threatened, a gravity of purpose and an immediate prospect of execution of the threat, and thereby causes that person reasonably to be in sustained fear for their own safety or for their immediate family’s safety, shall be punished by imprisonment in the county jail not to
						exceed one year, or by imprisonment in the state prison.
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								In sentencing a person convicted of a felony violation of subdivision (a), the court may consider, as a factor in aggravation, that the defendant willfully threatened to commit a crime that would result in the death or great bodily injury of a person the defendant knew was a state constitutional officer, a Member of the Legislature, or a judge or court commissioner, as defined in subdivisions (a), (b), (c), (n), and (q) of Section 7920.500 of the Government Code.
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								(c)
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								(1)
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								For purposes of this section, “immediate family” means any
						spouse, whether by marriage or not, parent, child, any person related by consanguinity or affinity within the second degree, or any other person who regularly resides in the household, or who, within the prior six months, regularly resided in the household.
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								For purposes of this section, “electronic communication device” includes, but is not limited to, telephones, cellular telephones, computers, video recorders, fax machines, or pagers. “Electronic communication” has the same meaning as the term is defined in Subsection 12 of Section 2510 of Title 18 of the United States Code.
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Last Version Text Digest

Existing law makes it a crime to willfully threaten to commit a crime that will result in death or great bodily injury to another person, with the specific intent that the statement is to be taken as a threat that, on its face and under the circumstances in which it is made, is so unequivocal, unconditional, immediate, and specific as to convey to the person threatened a gravity of purpose and an immediate prospect of execution of the threat, and thereby reasonably causes the threatened person to be in sustained fear for their own safety or the safety of their immediate family, as defined. Under existing law, this crime is punishable as a misdemeanor or in state prison as a felony. This bill would, for the purposes of sentencing for a felony violation of these provisions, authorize the court to consider, as a factor in aggravation, that the defendant willfully threatened to commit a crime that would result in the death or great bodily injury of a person the defendant knew was a state constitutional officer, a Member of the Legislature, or a judge or court commissioner, as specified.